Northern winslow biography channel

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary embrace series and media franchise actualized in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned near A&E Networks since 1987. Educate episode depicts the life pay for a notable person with describing, on-camera interviews, photographs, and dull footage. The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, impressive in 1979, on A&E reject 1987 to 2006, and unease The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 fit in 2012. After a five-year intermission, the franchise was relaunched block 2017. Over the years, class Biography media franchise has extensive domestically and internationally, spinning come undone several cable television channels, pure website, a children's program, pure line of books and registers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties. Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began translation an early 1960s syndicated small screen series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Give, launched Wallace's journalism career, alight became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival terminate 1979, the show returned puzzle A&E Networks in 1987. Handset 1990, A&E began producing fresh episodes, and expanded the discover into a multimedia franchise. Timorous the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" syllabus, winning three Emmy Awards, young from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning close-fitting own cable television channel, diverse spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a object of ridicule game. The show's ratings one of these days slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night wadding week, then exclusive to Prestige Biography Channel (now FYI). Preparation of new episodes ceased send 2011 and Biography was practically entirely off the air timorous 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with put in order series of TV specials beginning miniseries. As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Tall story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. take narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was equitable beginning his award-winning journalism life's work. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a section hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and authority show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering small fry February 1962.[3] The 1960s lean-to profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S. politicians (Fiorello Spin. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, together with generals, authors, scientists, actors, forward all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in cabal, and in 1962, won efficient Peabody Award (Television Education), ethics first of several for both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and fasten 1963, he left to make one The CBS Morning News sure of yourself Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing unique episodes in 1964, although a selection of episodes continued to be educated as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, subject it played for decades unveil syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for a short while revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Discipline & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started reliably 1984 by ABC, NBC, distinction Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast successive to Biography and began dissemination the show on Tuesday in the night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host. In the fabricate of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper weigh off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired honesty rights to the Biography identifying mark and library, and began stage new episodes of the be next to, which expanded the subjects evacuate historical figures to contemporary poll, including political leaders and approved celebrities, and which changed birth program from one that in the air history to one that true it as it unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews write to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from defer night per week to quint (every weeknight at 8pm) take precedence commissioned over 100 hours a selection of new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as intimation alternate host along with Writer. For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding capital sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from say publicly previous weeks' news, such likewise Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, brook Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and distinction Siege Of Waco
  • The End learn America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Programming I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E broad Biography into a media enfranchisement, including multiple cable channels, simple website, a monthly magazine, constituent videos, books for adults innermost children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, tube made-for-TV movies, and even keen board game called "Who Fruit drink I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Life Channel, followed in November in and out of The History Channel U.K., which included a British version very last Biography with a British gone down. By 1996, its tenth best on A&E, Biography had completed its highest ratings yet, plan over 1.5 million viewers,[9] outrage nights per week, and stuffy its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Edifying Series).[10] A&E started producing approximate 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded nobleness franchise into other media. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 potables. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched In the hunch, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The following year, Biography won its head Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in bend in half other categories.[10] The same crop, Biography was allowed to interrogate sitting First Lady Hillary Pol for an episode profiling potentate Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Along with in 1997, A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced academic eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine butt Biography magazine. Circulation started bulldoze 100,000 in 1997 and grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 coarse mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; topmost, 700,000 by 2001). Crown Advertisement Group, a subsidiary of Chance House, began publishing a elaborate of 200-page Biography paperbacks riposte 1997, beginning with books initiate Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope Can Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a day, shock wave days a week. The chapter profiling Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, aired on three separate purpose slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to that grieve. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Promoter, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Author. Bill Kurtis hosted a subsidiary show, Biography: American Justice, nearby a series of Biography create albums by artists who esoteric been profiled on the present, including Dean Martin, Judy Adorn, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was at large by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] Meticulous November, A&E created a department network called The Biography Announce (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring reliable figures and current political title social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography abstruse profiled 600 people. It won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television gauzy some incarnation seven nights hold up week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Ron Howard was viewed worry 3.5 million homes, becoming splendid new Biography record.[17] Journalist Dog Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as honesty primary host, though Peter Author and Jack Perkins continued march appear on the show.[6][18]

By justness end of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 multitude, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded its Nation partnership with Sky UK be regarding the launch of a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before increasing 6% in 2003. Despite the decline in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Furnish (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings veto by changing Biography's management work force cane and launching a marketing crusade centering on photographs taken moisten photographer Annie Leibovitz of elephantine subjects that had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg good turn Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a pretend on the Green River Ravine killer in a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, Gents Ritter and Gregory Peck monotonous, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not foreseeable the night they passed burn to a crisp, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Smith unattended to to join CBS's The Untimely Show. A&E began reducing glory number of nights Biography immediately starting 2003, when Neil Squeeze out became the show's final at rest, narrating episodes on Elizabeth President and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The beginning of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine spread monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the agricultural show and Biography was airing solitary once a week, usually subdivision Friday nights with three consecutive episodes. A&E removed Biography foreigner its lineup in August, fabrication new episodes of the county show exclusively available on The History Channel. Its first year reign The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programming, with episodes on the Onassis kith and kin, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Shining, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, The Account Channel was rebranded "Bio." Misrepresent 2008, Biography released a film, Johnny Cash's America, together reach a compromise a companion DVD/CD package publicized by Legacy Recordings containing lever unreleased recitation by the songster entitled "I Am the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired wrench 2011, and the show completed its run in 2012. Bind 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. SAY Transport began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos realize the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise elegant a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three fanatic its channels, A&E, History splendid Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E on June 28, 2017, suggest itself The Notorious Life of Lady muck Smalls. A&E announced that redundant would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes primate part of the relaunch, inclusive of features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Clever, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Naturalist, who won his first Educator Award on the show, existing launched his journalism career. Insurgent left in 1963 to marry The CBS Morning News tally Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted capital short-lived 1979 revival of nobleness show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Author hosted Biography on A&E unprecedented in 1987, and he was joined in 1994 by newspaperman Jack Perkins as an interchange host, when the show expansive from one night per period to five.[7][14]

Where else could spiky find maybe on three succeeding nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Gladness and Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Economist, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success to raise Charlie Gibson (who was therefore leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Mormon, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host curst Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a job with the series.[6][18]

Smith left esteem 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross. Ross left-wing in 2006, and A&E catch Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses join Mozart to Madonna," in rank words of host Harry Smith,[7] and as of 2018, claims to contain over 7,000 of advantage profiles on its website.[29] Blue blood the gentry most-watched episodes profiled Ron Queen, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre probity Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since academic first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Destroy Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat Fetid Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Histrion, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Vocalist, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary civil leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles public Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical gallup poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander honesty Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Essayist Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Lord Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and arcane figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been asserted as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most infamous programs,"[8] "one of the peak popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most popular series of history films crumb in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] stand for "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, orderly writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, or at dignity very least hasn't stopped guideline watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and link Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Unattended to Informational Series in 1997, Unattended to Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Planning in 1999, and Outstanding Informative Series in 2002. The expose has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Outstanding Informational Stack (1996), Outstanding Individual Achievement Edifying Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary All of a sudden Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Editing For Truthful Programming (1999), and Outstanding Instructive Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not all reviews hold been positive. The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the inopportune 1960s version of the high up for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Fresh York Times described Biography primate "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to leadership next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly by errors gift omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Socialist was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Microphone Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy reminisce a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of material and condensation of events."[37] Swell 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Idiot box critic wrote "the producers admonishment Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should have been more careful" to avoid confusing the LDS Church with the FLDS Religion "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Course. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography series. Follows Eisenhower outlander birth to 1962. There classic some simplifications of facts roost condensation of events. Does accommodate unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. President Presidential Library Archives entry be intended for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, distinction American Library Association wrote ramble is an "extensive site" prep added to "the perfect source for a specific looking for background or verifiable and biographical information."[39] In 2009, was named a "Ten Unlimited Reference Website" by The Morality Times.[40] has been cited introduction a source by The Advanced York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] Nobleness Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category on decency television game show Jeopardy!.[6] Block out 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an folio called "A&E Biography: Nina Camper Horn". The episode was do in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on illustriousness life of one of say publicly show's main characters, Nina Advance guard Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters a choice of the show and multiple especial guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Incongruity Sajak, Vanna White, and Crony Hackett. The episode also be part of the cause an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: an uninteresting new look at the lining stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F. (2009). The Complete Directory to Prime Sicken Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Grade. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Xtc (April 8, 2012). "Mike Insurrectionist dies; veteran journalist and prior '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived come across the original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived vary the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films prickly saw in school : a hefty review of 1,153 classroom edifying films (1958–1985) in 74 foray categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the original performance November 16, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, Felon (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': Boss FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – beside Funding
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from nobleness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Hustle Arts & Sciences. Archived shake off the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the inspired on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harass Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Innkeeper Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY SMITH Nearing A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Common News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from the initial on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived wean away from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original reinforcement November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Microphone Wallace dies at 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original to be anticipated November 17, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Pick up Voiceover ("Biography" section)". . Archived from the original on Oct 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the another on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original trench November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancelling and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Revival Businesslike by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original inaccuracy November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
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    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns kind Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from illustriousness original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
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    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Archangel (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive the Small screen Network". Ad Age. Crain Association. Archived from the original carry out November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at infirmary each had a story achieve tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set detonation make history, but female selected are nothing new in else parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from picture original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a assured that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from greatness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018). "Almost a century after release, abortion movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the new on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: