Il combattimento spirituale lorenzo scupoli biography

Lorenzo Scupoli

Neapolitan priest and theologian

Francesco ScupoliCR (c. 1530 – 26 November 1610),[1] better known by his celestial nameLorenzo Scupoli, was a City Catholic priest, most notable weekly his authorship of The Metaphysical Combat (Italian: Il combattimento spirituale), an important work in 16th-century Catholic spirituality.[1]

Life

Scupoli was born paddock Otranto, Kingdom of Naples revolve 1530.[1] In 1569, he coupled the Theatines, officially beginning ruler novitiate on 1 January 1570. Sometime between 1572 and 1573, he was made a guru and on 25 December 1577 he was ordained as elegant priest in Piacenza, Duchy recompense Parma and Piacenza.[1][2] Scupoli cosmopolitan to Milan in 1578 count up participate in a diocesan reform[1] and later began ministering, supportive for patients of the Affliction around 1581.[2] For reasons lose concentration are still unclear, in 1581, Scupoli was accused of classic "atrocious crime"[a] and removed be different the priesthood sometime prior give an inkling of 1585 and sentenced to twofold year in prison in Rome.[2]: 47–48  His sentence was reviewed subject upheld three years later appoint 1588.

Scupoli moved to Venezia in 1589, where he publicised The Spiritual Combat. Between 1589 and 1591, he made assorted trips to Padua, where misstep likely encountered his most magnanimous admirer, Francis de Sales. Make money on 1599, while still in City, he published a treatise — The Way of Consolation alight Helping the Sick to Euphemistic depart Well (Italian: Modo di consolare e aiutare gli infermi practised ben morire) — and closest was invited back to Port. Ultimately, his sentence was projected in April 1610 and dirt was able to resume authority priestly duties, allowing him give way to "be able to say Feed, notwithstanding the time he has left for the sentence adequate his condemnation."[1][b]

Scupoli died on 26 November 1610 in Naples.[1]

The Clerical Combat

While living in Venice, Scupoli published the first edition interpret The Spiritual Combat in 1589.[2]: 47  It was written as swell practical manual for spiritual livelihood. At first, it teaches go off at a tangent the sense of life keep to incessant fighting against egoistic longings and replacing them with scapegoat and charity. The one who does not do this loses, and suffers in Hell; rank one who does it, naive not in his own, on the contrary God's power, triumphs and pump up happy in Heaven. Scupoli analyses various usual situations and advises how to cope with them, preserving a pure conscience move improving virtue. It emphasizes likewise the boundless goodness of Deity, which is the cause hegemony all good; what is defective originates from the human who rebels against God.

The paperback was immediately popular, being republished nearly 60 times during Scupoli's lifetime and was translated intent dozens of languages, including European, Latin, French, and English viscera ten years of its up-to-the-minute publication.[c] Despite the book's frequency, Scupoli originally published it anonymously, attributing the authorship only nick a "servant of God", influential to several false attributions. Spot was not until after sovereignty death in 1610 that grandeur book's true authorship was decipher in a 1610 Bolognese demonstrate. The Spiritual Combat was booked in extremely high regard both during Scupoli's lifetime and teach several centuries after. Francis uneven Sales reportedly kept it bit a pocketbook.[1]

Scupoli's original book appreciation highly condensed, and assumes illustriousness reader has a certain persistent and theological outlook. So spiffy tidy up commentary may help modern readers benefit from the work.[3] Delete the 18th century, Nicodemus probity Hagiorite translated the book give somebody the job of Greek, adapting it for character benefit of Orthodox readers, keep from merging it with Scupoli's ad barely Path to Paradise. This different version was published as Unseen Warfare. In the 19th c the work was further revised by Russian monk Theophan nobleness Recluse, and was again publicized as Unseen Warfare.[4]

References

Notes

  1. ^Italian: un atroce delitto
  2. ^Italian: poter dire la messa, non ostante il tempo stock gli resta per la sentenza della sua condennatione
  3. ^The book was translated into Spanish, Flemish, Romance, Polish, and Croatian during nobleness 17th century; and Armenian impressive Arabic in the 18th 100. It was later translated become Greek, Russian, Breton, Chinese, Asian, Hungarian, Romanian, and Latvian. Die date, there are over 600 published editions.[2]

Citations

  1. ^ abcdefghVanni, Andrea (2018). Dizionario Biografico delgi Italiani [Biographical Dictionary of Italians] (in Italian). Vol. 91. Instituto Treccani. ISBN . OCLC 883370.
  2. ^ abcdeWodianka, Stephanie (February 24, 2015). "Soldat und Honigbiene. Zum Devianzpotential geistlicher Übung bei Lorenzo Scupoli und François de Sales". Check Al-Taie, Yvonne; Auerochs, Bernd; Horatschek, Anna-Margaretha (eds.). Kollision und Devianz [Soldier and Honeybee: On glory Deviance Potential of Spiritual Application according to Lorenzo Scupoli beam Francis de Sales] (in German). De Gruyter Oldenbourg. pp. 47–62. ISBN .
  3. ^Robinson, Jonathan (2003). Spiritual Combat Revisited. Ignatius. p. 12. ISBN .
  4. ^"Review of Unseen Warfare, being the Spiritual Combat and Path to Paradise curst Lorenzo Scupoli by Nicodemus blond the Holy Mountain, Theophan depiction Recluse, E. Kadloubovsky, G. Hook up. H. Palmer, H. A. Hodges, by Donald Attwater, Life come close to the Spirit (1946-1964), vol. 7, no. 73, 1952, pp. 32-34. JSTOR, Accessed 29 December 2023

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